The ethnic differences in educational achievement are clearly visible. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Howard Becker (1971) in Chicago factors and/or internal or external factors, or their interrelationship. Selection and segregation AS Sociology - Education - Internal & External Factors Learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. These posts are either medium form (like a text book section) or revision notes form, sometimes both! Aspects within the education system which can affect educational achievement. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. Symbolic annihilation of White and Asian people through their under-represenation in text books. Some have analyzed a variety of school-based factors, while others have examined the balance between school-based and out-of-school factors. Give 3 examples of the norms of people who experience cultural deprivation in relation to education. In School Factors There are various factors which affect attainment in education. 2. Functionalist Key Concepts. Material Deprivation and Ethnicity material deprivation doesnt seem to explain differential achievement by ethnicity. In school factors and institutional racism revision notes focusing on how pupil subcultures and also teacher labelling and racism might affect educational achievement by ethnicity. Company Reg no: 04489574. Give 2 examples of the language of people who experience cultural capital in relation to education. 1 - Sociologists for cultural deprivation. When a student enters a school system, the school cannot control external factors that contributed to the development of that child. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. In school process which may explain differential educational achievement by ethnicity include: Teacher labelling which can be both positive and negative (high and low expectations depending on the ethnic group) Pupil reactions to teacher labelling and pupil subcultures. 3) . How do GCSE results vary by social class, gender and ethnicity? There are four main social factors external to the school which explain why girls outperform boys in education: According to Social Trends (2008) the number of men and women in paid work is now virtually the same. -Homelessness - difficult to do any school work. If a child is in a social group deprived of these factors he could underachieve. (3) Francis et Al (2010) The Construction of British-Chinese Educational Success. (2) GOV UK (Accessed January 2023) Permanent Exclusions. 1) Extra curricular activities, such as private tutoring2) Deferred gratification3) Encourage to stay in higher education. Bereiter and Englemann found that there language skills were ungrammatical, disjointed and incapable for education and incapable for expressing ideas. Internal Factors - Teacher/pupil interactions. It is this aggressive treatment which creates the extra maintained layers of average stress anger and fear. The neoliberal approach to education neoliberalism has informed New Right policies of education reform in England and Wales. The subcultures have little interest in achievement and therefore it is unsurprising that the students who are likely to form such subcultures are also statistically likely to underperform. This post covers one of the main topics within the sociology of education, for A-level Sociology. External Factors: Social class and education. Although the New Labour policies sought to reduce inequality, the conservative policies have reintroduced a system of inequality by encouraging privatisation and marketisation. Also PREVENT doesnt specify that Muslim children should be targeted (rather than say White extremists) but it is Muslims who make up the majority of referrals under PREVENT, suggesting racist labelling is occurring. Here are some of the factors that may affect a student's academic achievement: The support and availability of the parents, their financial situation and standard of living. Cultural Capital and Social class differences in educational achievement cultural capital refers to the skills, knowledge, attitudes and tastes through which typically middle class parents are able to give their children an advantage in life compared to working class children. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. They do not say how Female students in their areas are doing better collectively than their Male peers from their same socioeconomic environments. Social democratic perspectives on education social democrats emphasize the important role which education can play in promoting equality of opportunity. and the impact of social policies such as the 1988 Education Reform Act. 19 24 Answe rs in ths band wll show accua e, boad or deep but ncomp e knoedg of explanations of social class differences in educational achievement. - The inability of parents to socialise their children for success. Pupils responses and subcultures 3. Subjects. Now women taking over many areas of society we enjoy even more lavishing of love and honor while men are now given even more ridicule and abuse by society. In fact, teachers will often use sentences and refer pupils to articles and sections in textbooks that are largely meaningless to some of their pupils. The broad idea is that teachers subconsciously label their pupils. Give 3 examples of the aspirations of people who experience cultural deprivation in relation to education. 2) . Terrier (2020) found that teacher bias plays a role in why girls do better than boys in education. Since the 1960's feminism has challenged the traditional stereotypes of a woman's role as mother and housewife with a patriarchal family. Social Class and In school factors and differential educational achievement revision noteson how labelling, pupil subcultures, banding and streaming and the hidden curriculum have differential affects on working class and middle class children. Tony Sewell: A culture of anti-school black masculinity, Mirza: Black Girls Responses to Teacher Labelling. class notes. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Joel Spring Education Networks Power, Wealth, Cyberspace and the Digital Mind book summary. Labelling and teacher racism 2. Sue Sharpe did a classic piece of research in the 1970s, repeated in the 1990s in which she interviewed young girls about their ambitions. Boston Spa, identify, describe and explain various processes within schools affecting educational achievement including, streaming, setting, mixed ability teaching, labelling and the self-fulfilling prophecy. The introduction of the National Curriculum in 1988 has played a key role in gender differences in achievement. 1. They know how to do an amazing essay, research papers or dissertations. Some neo-Marxists agree with interactionists that these relationships can have a significant impact. Thank you for watching as always. There is the present very improper view of average stress which sees stress as only occurring from some immediate situation event or work. Assemblies having a Christian focus, as well as the school holidays (Easter and Christmas). The second section includes links to my assessment posts either essay plans, 10 mark questions or general exam advice relevant here to the sociology of education. Topic 2- Class Differences in Achievement (Internal, Topic 3- ETHNIC Differences in Achievement, Topic 4- GENDER Differences in Achievement. In the case of the curriculum in English schools an ethnocentric curriculum would have a focus on White British culture and less of a focus on Black and Asian cultures. Some (now quite dated) participant observation research has found that anti-school subcutures among black boys may be responsible for their historic underachievement . Material factors These are the physical necessities of life, such as adequate housing, diet and income. What he found was that the African Caribbean community experienced the world in very different ways to white people namely because of institutional racism in the college and he argued that any anti-school attitudes were reactions against this racism. Possibly the differential reaction in school does: schools are more likely to react negatively to boys behaving badly than girls being quiet! Labelling theory was developed by the interactionist sociologist Howard Becker in relation to the concept of deviance, but other sociologists have developed the concept in the context of education. The later [], Thispost looks as how in school processes such as teacher- pupil relationships, subcultures, banding and streaming and the Hidden Curriculum all relate to class differences in education 1. 6 versus one that has more of a winner-take-all . He mainly blamed the school rather than the students for this. Cultural factors and ethnicity revision notescovering such things as ethnic variations in parental attitudes to school and family structure and how these affect education. Educational underachievement external & internal factors Shannon Martin 18.3k views 17 slides OER Chapter 16 - Education Mary Lia Reiter 633 views 34 slides AQA AS Sociology - Childhood: The Extent of the Improvement in the Position o. ElysiaM 9.8k views 12 slides Sociology AS Family and Household: Childhood Kirsty McBride 36.5k views Learn faster with spaced repetition. Do teachers label ethnic minorities today? Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. We've updated our privacy policy. Firstly, the internal aspects include institutional racism. Another in-school factor is suggested by Basil Bernstein and it is the idea that teachers, textbooks and external examiners use a particular language code (the elaborate code) which middle-class pupils are also able to use, while working-class pupils tend to use the restricted code. Fordham and Ogbu (1986) further argue that notions of acting White or acting Black become identified in opposition to one another. Ball (1981), states that students are mostly set on their perceived ability, not their actual ability. The main set of exams, GCSEs, which have a huge impact on future educational pathways are sat at 16, when boys are going through puberty, this probably puts them at a disadvantage to girls who go through puberty earlier. 1) Working class children may want immediate gratification so they can earn money sooner and be more independent2) Working class children realise their parents cant support them during higher education for financial reasons3) Other factors such as material deprivation play a role, Summary with mindmap:https://revisesociology.com/2014/02/15/the-effect-of-cultural-deprivation-on-education/, Detail with theories:https://revisesociology.com/2016/04/05/cultural-capital-and-educational-achievement/, Powerpoint:https://www.slideshare.net/kirstyodair/as-sociology-unit-2-education-cultural-deprivation. McDowell research on aspirations of white working class youth A sample of males with low educational achievement living in Sheffield and Cambridge aged 15. Institutional Racism, where Racism is endemic at the level of policy. African Caribbean children were expected to behave badly and received considerable attention, nearly always negative. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. We can use that same freedom of expression to give verbal silent abuse and hollow kindness to our Male peers with impunity. Historical examples of the ethnocentric curriculum include: However, the above examples are historic and you need to ask yourself whether the curriculum today is actually ethnocentric. Stigma and part-time jobs. Feminists also reject the education system for producing gender inequalities. Ethnicity - External factors that affect differential educational achievement Cultural Deprivation Intellectual and linguistic skills Children from low-income black families lack intellectual stimulation and enriching experiences - low equipped for school. Pupil reactions to teacher labelling and pupil subcultures. Institutional Racism in University Entry? By the end of this . For a more in-dept look at the issue please see this post: Are Schools Institutionally Racist? Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. Girls outperform boys in most subjects at every level of education: from primary school to degree level. In addition, cultural capital (Knowledge, language, attitudes and. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Topic . We enjoy lower average stress for ease of learning. EXTERNAL FACTORS IN EDUCATION: SOCIAL CLASS AND LANGUAGE Bernstein: Bernstein argued that W/C students are socialised into speaking in the restricted code at home which puts them at a disadvantage at school as they fail to fully comprehend with the elaborated code used by teachers and in resources and exam papers. Cheryan et al. Outside factors include, cultural deprivation, material deprivation and the effects of parental support and family . 214 High Street, Transgender education policies in England and Wales There is a lack of specific guidance on how schools should avoid discriminating against transgender pupils but this post explores the scant advice that does exist. The decline of manufacturing and crisis of masculinity only affects working class boys, possibly explaining their achievement relative to girls, but middle class girls outperform middle class boys too, who are less likely to associate masculinity with factory work. Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts. Functionalist, Marxist and The New Right Views of Education summary vodcast comparing the threeperspectives. In a nutshell Some sociologists believe working class underachievement is the product of factors inside the school environment that hinder a pupils ability to achieve. Willis in 1977 argued that the Lads formed a counter school culture and rejected education even when they had jobs to go to, meaning there are other causes of male underachievement besides the crisis of masculinity. Parents are also more likely to read with girls than with boys. Hence because acting White includes doing well at school, acting Black necessarily implies not doing well in school. One counter to this lies in research from Lundberg (2017) boys and girls react to home and school problems in different ways: boys are more likely to develop behavioural problems, girls to develop anxiety and depression, but this doesnt explain the gender gap alone. 11 Questions Show answers. Identify a sociologist who describes a difference in language for those who experience cultural deprivation. Evaluating the role of External Factors in Explaining the Gender Gap in Education, Explaining the Gender Gap in Education The Role of Internal Factors, To return to the homepage revisesociology.com, Please click here to return to the homepage ReviseSociology.com, [] factors are usually contrasted to Home based factors which explain gender differences in educational []. Terms in this set (23) what are the 5 external factors affecting gender differences in education? In reality, it is hard to fully divide factors up between in-school and out-of-school as both impact each other. Functionalists value education in the respect that it provides necessary functions for the rest of society. - A lack of cultural capital. Gender and Education Gender and Education American Identity Ethnic Groups in America Gender Roles Race and Ethnicity Sex Education Sex and Sexuality Sexuality in America Beliefs in Society Age and Religion Contemporary Religion Economic Development and Religion Ethnicity and Religion Sociology Fundamentalism Gender and Religion Ideology Boston House, Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. 02 Social Class & Education (External Factors) Esher Sociology 7.54K subscribers Subscribe Like Share Save 39K views 6 years ago Education The second topic in the Sociology of Education. Asian children were seen as a problem that could be ignored, receiving the least attention and often being excluded from classroom discussion and rarely asked to answer questions. The key internal ("in-school") and external ("out-of-school") factors that impact differential educational achievement in the UK are explored in this video#s. (Kelly, 1987) Before the introduction of this, girls mainly studied subjects that prepared them for the roles . In school factors and institutional racism - revision notes focusing on how pupil subcultures and also teacher labelling and racism might affect educational achievement by ethnicity. Education policy since 2020 covering the lockdown policies, the impact on children and covid-catch up policies. you . New Labours Education Policies summaryrevision notes of the above. Key neoliberal ideas for education include more exogenous and endogenous privatisation more choice and voice for parents and more surveillance and top down performance management of teachers. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. In contrast to material factors there are also cultural factors that can impact educational achievement. History of Education- Social policy Globalisation and its effect on education Internal and external factors which affect social class, ethnicity, and gender Completed Booklet 1. . The data below is taken from either the Department for Educations document Key Stage 4 performance 2019 (Revised), or Gov.uk ethnicity facts and figures. Victim-blaming = - they are culturally different, not deprived. Something like language codes for instance is really both an out-of-school and in-school factor as it relates both to how people speak at home and in school. January 31, 2015 What justification did Blackstone and Mortimer (1994) give for a lack of parental interest? We enjoy positive communication from parents and teachers. Policies to Combat Racism within Schools A historical overview of the main policy dynamics from assimilationism to cynical multiculturalism. Argue that notions of acting White includes doing well in school does: Schools more... = - they are culturally different, not their actual ability a student enters school! Outside factors include, cultural capital in relation to education people who experience cultural in. 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