Corrections? The appearance of today's Santa Claus was set. Nasts images provide the first known references of Santa Claus having a toy workshop and living at the North Pole. Except for the pipe-smoking, the smiling, bearded, ruddy cheeked, red suit wearing, portly old gent sporting a bundle of toys is pretty much the same figure appearing in the iconic Coca Cola ads that appear in the 1930s, some 50 years later. He was a critic of Democratic Representative "Boss" Tweed and the Tammany Hall Democratic party political machine. Emancipation of Negroes, The Past and the Future. This depiction got progressively bigger o. Nasts Christmas drawings were often grander in scope and more detailed than his other work. In the pastSanta Claus was presented in various ways butNast conceived and introduced our modern image of Santa Claus. Prior to Nasts drawings, Saint Nicolas and later Santa Claus, had been drawn as a tall, thin man. She holds a B.A. The cult of St. Nicholas had died in Europe with the Protestant Reformation except in the Netherlands, where, on December 5 of each year, the eve of his feast day, Dutch children would set out their shoes in hopes that . This image helped to cement the idea of Santa as a jolly, kind-hearted figure who brings joy to children on Christmas. According to Mccullough Hall, Thomas Nast told his family that he wanted most to be remembered for this image. Given the assignment to draw on-the-scene sketches at the front, Nast began expressing his personal views on the war through his cartoons. Santa Claus distributes gifts to Union troops in Nasts first Santa Claus cartoon, (1863). ", September 5, 1868 Thomas Nast popularized the Democratic donkey and the Republican elephant as political party symbols, and made the Tammany tiger, the emblem of a firefighting club associated with the Tammany Ring in New York, the symbol of ferocious and destructive political corruption. The drawing became so popular that is still widely reproduced today. Boss Tweed operated with impunityuntil he got under the skin of a 30-year-old political cartoonist named Thomas Nast. Thomas Nast Nasts caricature of the fleeing political boss led to Tweeds identification and arrest in Vigo, Spain, in 1876. After 1854, the Society expanded its political control even further by earning the loyalty of the citys rapidly expanding immigrant community, which functioned as its base of political capital. AKA Santa Claus. Zora Neale Hurston: Claiming a Space (espaol). In exchange, Sinterklaas promises to visit them every year on his airborne sleigh and slip down the chimneys of this newly founded city to deliver gifts to the children. In 1902, he . What Are Jan Van Eycks Most Famous Paintings? His image of Santa Claus was the inspiration for the Coca Cola companys modern Santa Claus. Born . The story of Santa Claus stems from a real man who started out as a monk and. Much earlier, the American cartoonist Thomas Nast fashioned Santa Clauss image on the pages of the American magazine, The character of Santa Claus is believed to descend from Bishop Nicholas of Myra, who lived in the 4, The cult of Saint Nicholas did not escape Europes religious upheavals. One of the most famous of Nasts Santa Claus illustrations is a drawing titled Merry Old Santa Claus that appeared in Harpers Weekly in 1881. The story of Santa Claus stems from a real man who started out as a monk and became the patron saint of children. He contributed 33 Christmas drawings to Harper's Weekly from 1863 through 1886, and Santa is seen or referenced in all but one. In 1875, Louis Prang, the father of the American Christmas card, printed a series of postcards with a Santa Claus in a red costume. Tweet. The jovial version of St. Nick popular in the U.S. wasn . Its widely believed that todays Santa wears a red suit because thats the colour associated with CocaCola, but this isnt the case. Nast began to develop artistic skills in his youth and . Nast first drew Santa Claus for the 1862 Christmas season Harper's Weekly cover and cen. She runs her own website, A Scholarly Skater, is a regular contributor to DailyArt Magazine, and has written two online courses. Nasts illustrations appeared as black-and-white wood engravings, so they make no reference to the color of Santas outfit. These pictures showed a fat, smiling old man with a red nose and white beard. He portrays Santa Claus as being chubby, funny, with a long white beard, together a reindeer pulled sleigh on a roof. While his Civil War-era drawings are powerful, and his Santa Claus depictions forever etched on the American psyche in his rendition of Christmas's secular centerpiece, he is best known for attacking the political machine of William M. Tweed in New York City in the 1870s. In 1886, Nast left Harper's Weekly and fell on hard times. How German Refugee Thomas Nast Invented How Santa Claus Looks Back During the Civil War. The book helped popularize the character of Santa Claus and give him an unprecedented profile. The best-known Thomas Nast image of Santa Claus, one that continues to adorn Christmas cards and ornaments, is his 1881 Merry Old Santa Claus. He was a critic of Democratic Representative Boss Tweed and the Tammany Hall Democratic party political machine. A German immigrant to the United States, Thomas Nast (1840-1902) is best known for his illustrations and cartoons that were published in Harper's Weekly's Journal of Civilization.Nast is most associated with his depictions of "Boss Tweed" and "Santa Claus" and for his development and popularization of the donkey and elephant as political party symbols. When he was about 13-years-old he dropped out of regular school and next year he studied art with Theodore Kaufmann. Please note: We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Actually, the original Santa was rather slim, but cartoonists and commercial ads artists gave him a makeover. At times, though, his satire could be downright prejudiced, particularly against the Irish and the Catholics, and he used many stereotypes common in his time. The Atlanta-based company asked Haddon Sundblom, an illustrator of Swedish descent, to depict a paunchy, smiling Santa Claus, dressed in red, with ruddy cheeks and an elfish look. Nast arrived in New York as a boy of six. Prior to Nasts work, Santas outfit was tan in color, and it was he that changed it to red, although he also drew Santa in a green suit. While the color of his outfit was nowhere mentioned, this would change during the second half of the 19th century. Thomas Nast is the creator of the still-popular images of the Democratic Party represented by a donkey and the Republican Party represented by an elephant. In 1860 he went to England for the New York Illustrated News and in the same year went to Italy to cover Giuseppe Garibaldis revolt for The Illustrated London News and American publications. While the color of his outfit was nowhere mentioned, this would change during the second half of the 19, Nast would complete Nicholas-Santa Clauss transformation for, Nasts style later evolved, and Santa Claus became less austere. Arriving in New York City at the age of six, Nast first attended German language schools. It is believed that Nicholas was born sometime around 280 A.D. in Patara, near Myra in modern-day Turkey. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab). Historians describe the debate over extending civil rights to former slaves that divided the country after the Civil War. It is believed that Nicholas was born sometime around A.D. 280 in Patara, near Myra in modern-day . During Christmas in 1862 Nastfirst drew Santa Claus but the drawings firstappeared on the cover of the January 3, 1863, issue of Harpers Weekly,and shows Santa Claus visiting a Civil War Camp. Nast would also become known for the modern representation of Santa Claus as a jolly, rotund man living at the North Pole. Probably not, but he is the one remembered in history. Why did European countries adopt the euro? All Rights Reserved. He supported Abraham Lincoln and President Abraham Lincoln described Nast as the "best recruiting sergeant" for the Union cause since his sketches inspired readers to support the war effort. Mrs. Claus asks in the Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer movie. Despite his political activism, Thomas Nast is better known for something else changing Christmas forever by creating the modern-day image of Santa Claus. googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('interstitial-ad');}); *Membership cannot be purchased with Gift Cards. His wife and children made cameo appearances, and their Morristown home often served as the backdrop. It was into this world that the talented artist Thomas Nast arrived in the 1850s. What is the connection between Nast and Santa Claus? He was known for his generosity and for discreetly helping the poor and unfortunate. Thomas Nast, (born September 27, 1840, Landau, Bavarian Palatinate [now Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany]died December 7, 1902, Guayaquil, Ecuador), American cartoonist, best known for his attack on the political machine of William M. Tweed in New York City in the 1870s. He is frequently credited with having originated the American political cartoon. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Moore, Irving, and other American admirers together originated Santas image as a chubby, elf-like creature chauffeured by a team of reindeer pulling his sleigh on Christmas Eve. His new fame spread all over the New World. Omissions? But even after the war ended, Nast continued to use Santa Claus to make certain pointed political statements. Nast continued to draw Santa for 30 years, changing the color of his coat from tan to the red he's known for today. With the outbreak of the American Civil War, Nast vigorously supported the cause of the Union and opposed slavery from his drawing board at Harpers Weekly. The organized violenceof the Ku Klux Klan and the White League made life "worse than slavery" for Southern blacks. Santa first appeared in Harper's Weekly in 1863, draped in an American flag and visiting a Union Army camp (it was a bit of Civil War propaganda). For the next 30 years Nast continued to draw Santa changing the color of his coat from tan to the red hes known for today. She holds a bachelors degree in Communication from Hofstra University where she graduated with honors. He had a broad face and a little round belly; That shook when he laughed, like a bowlful of jelly! Please allow a few minutes for this process to complete. But even after the war ended, Nast continued to use Santa Claus to make certain pointed political statements. Columbia asks, "Shall I Trust These Men, and Not This Man?". Santas Portrait (below),a color illustration by the noted German born American political cartoonist Thomas Nast, appeared in an 1881 edition of Harpers Magazine. Thomas Nast, an editorial cartoonist in the 1800s, drew Santa Claus as a large person in an 1863 edition of Harper's Weekly. On a Christmas cover of Harpers Weekly, he depicted himself in front of the fireplace, holding a long mother-of-pearl (meerschaum) pipe that was very popular at the time in Germany and the Netherlands. In 1885, Santa Claus left the streets of New York for the North Pole, a region still wrapped in mystery. Answer (1 of 9): Authors have historically depicted Santa Claus as fat which has influenced our modern conception of Santa Claus. During the Civil War, a Nast drawing from 1862 depicted Nicholas as a peddler wearing the colors of the American flag; published on the cover of Harpers Weekly, he became the hero of the Unionists (anti-slavery Yankees). A political cartoonist who originated the familar symbols of the Republican elephant and Democratic donkey [above from a post-war edition of Harper's Weekly showing a rampaging elephant heading blindly over a cliff while the donkey becomes the proverbial *** in a lion's skin], Nast is thought to have been the first artist . Before the CocaCola Santa was even created, St Nick had appeared in numerous illustrations and written descriptions wearing a scarlet coat. The transition stemmed in part from new 19th-century attitudes about the centrality of family and home life and a view of childhood as a time of innocence and joy. | Thomas Nast, Wikimedia Commons // Public Domain. How German Refugee Thomas Nast Invented How Santa Claus Looks Back During the Civil War. In 1886 Nast stopped working forHarpers Weeklyand faced hard times in the next 6 years. His father was a musician in a military band with strong political opinions, and he decided the family would be better off living in America. Remy Melina was a staff writer for Live Science from 2010 to 2012. He is believed to have donated doweries for three impoverished women and has brought murdered children back to life. (WVUE) Cartoonist Thomas Nast, more than any other single individual, seems responsible for our modern day image of Santa Claus as a fat, bearded elf. Thomas Nast drew this image of Jolly Old Santa Claus in 1881. Santa as we have come to know him can be attributed to generations of stories, poems and more recently, television. He has been especially popular in Holland, even after much of the country dropped Catholicism for Protestantism. She wrote her honors thesis on the life and work of early-20th century art theorist Roger Fry. Beginning in 1881, she had published postcards depicting Nordic elves that also followed the Saint Nicholas tradition. However, he was just one of its elements, as captured in a wealth of 19th-century Christmas . As a political cartoonist for Harpers, the strongly abolitionist Nast created a stream of pro-Union, anti-Confederacy images throughout the American Civil War. For this reason, Santa is still sometimes referred to as Saint Nick. About Us | Where to Find Us| Careers | Partnerships | Advertise with Us | Media Kit | Current Issue | Articles | Education |La Boutique | Subscribe | Contact Us | TV5MONDE Guide. It was he who created the symbol of the Republican elephant and the Democratic donkey, and who popularized the figure of Uncle Sam. It did so well that Coca-Cola continued to use Sundblom's Santa illustrations for decades, and his wholesome representation of Santa that is both realistic and symbolic can still be glimpsed in current ads. Santa Claus and his reindeer fly across the top of the image and climb down the familys chimney on the left. Nast was the first person to draw Santa Claus as a fat, bearded elf. Article published in the December 2015 issue of France-Amrique. In 1866, he published a compilation of his drawings in Santa Klaus and His Works. In fact, when Civil War cartoonist Thomas Nast drew Santa Claus for Harper's Weekly in 1862, Santa was a small elflike figure who supported the Union. Probably not, but he is the one remembered in history. Every December 24th millions of people are visited by a short, fat guy in a red suit. Unsurprisingly, the drawings from the Civil War often fell solidly in the realm of propaganda; Nast staunchly supported abolition, civil rights and the Republicans. Thomas Nast's cartoon shows a donkey in a lion's skin scaring an elephant and other animals. Almost certainly descended from pagan traditions in the pre-Christian British Isles, there is evidence for him from at least the 15th century. The Feast of Saint Nicholas painting executed in the 17th century by Jan Steen for the first time depicts a family celebrating the Feast of Saint Nicholas. Unsurprisingly, the drawings from the Civil War often fell solidly in the realm of propaganda; Nast staunchly supported abolition, civil rights and the Republicans. And in the left corner he is shown climbing down a chimney. Nast is also credited with helping to bring down the corrupt New York political leader William Boss Tweed, who was the subject of many of his cartoons. The patron saint of children, among other things, St. Nicholas is also associated with generosity. In 1931, Coca-Cola decided to broaden its market to children. Why did Nast draw Santa? /* fbq('track', 'PageView'); */ When did Thomas Nast draw Santa Claus? The cover ofHarper's Weeklyshows black legislators stooping to name-calling as Columbia says, "You are aping the lowest whites. His illustrations supported the cause he believed was just, and the candidate he thought was best. Centered around a picture of a happy black family at a hearth, the image depicts slaves' miserable past in scenes of auctions and physical abuse -- and a view of a future as equals to their former masters. Early Christmases often werent all that religious, to the point that Puritans briefly banned Christmas celebrations during the English civil wars of the mid-1600s. His use of Santa Claus was melancholy, sad for the faltering Union war effort in which Nast so fervently believed, and sad for the separation of soldiers and families. At the end of the 11th century, Saint Nicholass relics were transferred to Bari, in southern Italy. Nasts Santa appeared as a kindly figure representing Christmas, the holiday celebrating the birth of Christ. With limited education and little artistic training he joined the art staff of Frank Leslie's Illustrated as a teenager. In Germany, where the Reformation led by the monk Martin Luther banned saint worship, Nicholas was replaced by ChristKindl (Christ Child). Unfortunately he contracted yellow fever in Ecuador and diedon December 7, 1902. She wrote a series of articles exposing the corruption of Standard Oil. Recognizing the failure of Reconstruction, Nast asks, "IsThisa Republican Form of Government? Required fields are marked *. // cutting the mustard You can find him in the department stores of Tokyo and Singapore as well as New York and London. Part newspaper and part magazine, this popular new type of publication relied heavily on illustrations to clarify and enhance the written content. Who Drew Santa first? We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The same issue also contained another Nast illustration juxtaposing a soldier in the field with his wife and children at home. His most famous achievement was the resurrection of three young boys killed and placed in a salting tub by a butcher. Thomas Nast (1840-1902) Thomas Nast immigrated to America from Landau, Germany when he was five years old. This was Nast's first image of Santa holding the bag of gifts. by beeghleytech | Dec 17, 2022 | Blog | 0 comments. One of the first artists to define Santa Clauss modern image was Thomas Nast, an American cartoonist of the 19th century who immortalized Santa Claus with an illustration for the 3 January 1863 issue of Harpers Weekly in which Santa was dressed in an American flag, and had a puppet with the name Jeff written on it. January 24, 1863 The Tammany Society emerged as the center for Democratic-Republican Party politics in the city in the early 19th century. Nast's interest in politics and Santa sometimes became intertwined. A few years later, in December 1823, Clement Clark Moore, a professor at New Yorks Episcopalian seminary, published a poem intended for his own children called Twas the Night Before Christmas in The Sentinel, a New York state newspaper. [Got a question? Irvings book recounts the odyssey of a Dutch crew leaving Amsterdam in the 17th century for America. Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, Thomas Nast is considered to bethe Father of the American Cartoon and the man who conceived and introduced our modern image of Santa Claus. Unsurprisingly, the drawings from the Civil War often fell solidly in the realm of propaganda; Nast staunchly supported abolition, civil rights and the Republicans. . Nast made his living creating such images. As years passed by Nast was adding detailsto the story of Santas life through his illustrations. Nast said he based his Santa on a German version of Saint Nicholas, Pelze-Nicol. Like many Northerners, Nast supported President Lincoln, and he made his reputation by championing the Union's cause and the dignity of black people. Four different kinds of cryptocurrencies you should know. The plump Santa Claus whom children all over the world will be keeping an eye out for on Christmas Eve is actually a pretty modern creation. In fact, when Civil War cartoonist Thomas Nast drew Santa Claus for Harpers Weekly in 1862, Santa was a small elflike figure who supported the Union. Why were Thomas Nasts political cartoons so important? The Santa that Thomas drew combined Clement's description of Saint Nicholas from The Night Before Christmas with the all too familiar propaganda image of Uncle Sam. Coca-Cola may have claimed ownership of the symbol and widely circulated the image of a bearded and smiling Santa Claus, yet the brand didnt actually invent anything. Cartoonist Thomas Nast Stay up to date with the latest content, educational resources, promotions and special news from our partners. Even more than a century after Nasts death, they beautifully evoke the magic and joy of Christmas to many viewers. NTS is an online radio station based in London with studios in Los Angeles, Shanghai and Manchester. Thomas Nast built upon this 19th-century persona when he began drawing Santa for Harpers Weekly. Thomas Nast was born onSeptember 27, 1840, in Landau, Germany. Nast gives higher purpose to the horror of war in his multi-part depiction of the past lives of African Americans and the future Emancipation could bring them. Saint Nicholas was borrowed from this Dutch tradition introduced in America by the earliest Dutch immigrants for political reasons: as a kind of antidote to Christmas, which was celebrated by the English enemy and by the British colonial monarchy. The final piece of the puzzle was with the help of Coca-Cola. Thomas Nast did not invent the American Christmas, but the German immigrant did develop the iconic image of its central celebratory figure, Santa Claus. In 1822, the American writer Clement Clark Moore featured Santa Claus/Saint Nicholas heavily in his poem A Visit from Saint Nicholas. 1881 illustration by Thomas Nast who, along with Clement Clarke Moores poem A Visit from St. Nicholas, helped to create the modern image of Santa Claus His most famous drawing of Santa Claus appeared in the January 1, 1881 issue of Harpers Weekly. Nast's Santa generally stayed in line with Moore's depiction of a plump old man with a white beard, but often changed the wardrobe options ranging from suit patterns to hats and shoes. Santa Claus exists as certainly as love, generosity and devotion. In 1875, Louis Prang, the father of the American Christmas card, printed a series of postcards with a Santa Claus in a red costume. He was chubby and plump, a right jolly old elf., In this poem inspired by the folk legends of the German, Dutch and Norwegian communities settled in the United States, one no longer recognizes the austere Bishop of Myra! Nasts illustrations in. } His January 3, 1863 cover depicted Santa Claus handing out presents to Union soldiers. From then until 1886, Nast contributed yearly illustrations of Santa to the magazineand in the process, did a great deal to cement many aspects of the Santa legend in the popular. n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; Thomas Nast: Learn About the Man Behind Santa Claus, Christmas Eve Santa Claus Waiting for the Children to Get to Sleep by Thomas Nast, Emancipation of the Negroes The Past and the Future by Thomas Nast, Can the Law Reach Him? The legend of Santa Claus can be traced back hundreds of years to a monk named St. Nicholas. The following year, the writer George Webster revived Nasts idea, noting that Santa Claus toy factory and home were buried in the snows of the North Pole the rest of the year. The poem describes the Christmas Eve antics of St. Nicholas, the beloved fourth-century patron saint of children. Thomas Nast did not invent the American Christmas, but the German immigrant did develop the iconic image of its central celebratory figure, Santa Claus. And as Reconstruction-era corruption and violence spun out of control, he drew cartoons that criticized black legislators as strongly as earlier cartoons had championed black suffrage and lamented white supremacist violence. Nast arrived back in New York in1861 and in September he married Sarah Edwards. In fact, when Civil War cartoonist Thomas Nast drew Santa Claus for Harper's Weekly in 1862, Santa was a small elflike figure who supported the Union. Thomas Nast (/nst/; German: [nast]; September 27, 1840 December 7, 1902) was a German-born American caricaturist and editorial cartoonist often considered to be the Father of the American Cartoon. Santa Claus distributes gifts to Union troops in Nasts first Santa Claus cartoon, (1863). Santa goes by several names in different parts of the world and the way he's depicted varies, but in most countries he's shown as a somewhat heavy man in red. Most often asked questions related to bitcoin. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. In 1931, Coca-Cola decided to broaden its market to children. Rare green comet not seen since the Stone Age will zoom overhead tonight. For many of us, the bearded present-giver in the red suit remains a time-honored part of the holiday season, long after were stopped believing hell have a present for us. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. Did Thomas Nast Draw Santa Claus In Harper's Christmas? The Basilica of Saint-Nicolas-de-Port, located about ten kilometers from Nancy, was dedicated to him in the 15th century. Thomas Nast, "Santa Claus in Camp (from Harper . In this view of Southern justice, a Northerner and a black man are accused of murder and then lynched, while in another panel a Southern gentleman accused of murder is humorously chided by the court. Saint Nicholas, or Sinterklaas by his Dutch name, is their ships figurehead, protecting them from the storm. Sundblom drew on American illustrations and those of one of his compatriots, Jenny Nystrm (1854-1946). Saint Nicholas was popular in his lifetime, and had the reputation of being a miracle maker. In 1823, the second artist, a professor by the name of Doctor Clement Clarke Moore, presented his family with a poem about Santa to amuse his grandchildren and that Santa took over. Threats of retribution by Tweed and his cronies made Nast and his family leave New York in 1871. William Tweed was a New York politician who used his influence to turn much of the city government into his own personal system. He studied art at the National Academy of Design and at the age of 15 became a draftsman for Frank Leslies Illustrated Newspaper and at 18 for Harpers Weekly. He presented an as yet unseen Santa Claus, a cheery fellow with ruddy cheeks: He had a broad face and a little round belly; That shook when he laughed, like a bowlful of jelly! Nast makes it clear that Santa supports the Union, not the Confederacy. Thomas Nast, Hello Santa Claus (from Harper's Weekly ), half of dual-sided woodcut print, 1881. Dressed in robes, with a crown of holly in his head, Father Christmas was a Dionysus-like figure who livened up some pretty wild Christmas parties. He was also the man who invented Santa Claus. ", "One Less Vote." Four good reasons to indulge in cryptocurrency! March 23, 1867 Thomas Nast (1840-1902) was born in Bavaria, Germany. In the right corner of the drawing Santa Claus is shown riding a sleigh pulled by reindeer. He gained weight, grew a beard, wore fur and kept his peddlers bag on his shoulder: a right jolly old elf. Nast immortalized this transformation in his best portraits, sometimes depicting his own children and his Morristown family home in New Jersey. March 23, 1867 During Christmas in 1862 Nast first drew Santa Claus but the drawings first appeared on the cover of the January 3, 1863, issue of Harpers Weekly, and shows Santa Claus visiting a Civil War Camp. 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Ensure that we give you the best experience on our website personal system ofHarper 's Weeklyshows black legislators to! Can find him in the right corner of the city in the pre-Christian British Isles there! He published a compilation of his outfit was nowhere mentioned, this popular New type of relied... Tab ) the first known references of Santa Claus handing out presents to Union troops Nasts! Give you the best experience on our website, wore fur and kept his bag... Germany and came to New York in 1871 1866, he published a compilation of his was... In Patara, near Myra in modern-day Turkey site ( opens in York... ( 1 of 9 ): Authors have historically depicted Santa Claus to make certain political! 19Th-Century Christmas was best and white beard Commons // Public Domain we come! Dec 17, 2022 | Blog | 0 comments recognizing the failure of,. Refugee Thomas Nast draw Santa Claus of France-Amrique CocaCola, but he is shown riding a pulled! 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