henry flagler daughter

His father was Isaac Flagler, a Presbyterian minister and great-grandson of Zacharra Flegler, whose family had emigrated from the German Palatinate region to Holland in 1688. That year he reportedly gave her more than $1 million in jewelry. Smith helped train the masons on the mixing and pouring techniques he used on Zorayda. He also used labor agencies to bring around 4,000 new immigrants to Florida who contracted to work until their transportation costs had been paid off. [30] Additional fields were discovered in Burma and Java. [citation needed], The Overseas Railroad, also known as the Key West Extension of the Florida East Coast Railway, was heavily damaged and partially destroyed in the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935. We Floridians have a very specific image of Henry Flagler in our minds: he is an old man with bright eyes cast in bronze. This was the beginning of the Standard Oil company, which would catapult both men into unimaginable levels of wealth. An incident that is commonly cited as being 'the straw that broke the camel's back' occurred on one of the Flaglers' expensive yachts (of which the couple had many the Alicia was even named after Ida Alice). VisitStAugustine.com. First A Little On Henry Flagler. For the train, see, Alleged use of convict leasing and debt peonage, Martin, p. 56, quoting Edwin Lefevre, in "Flagler and Florida" from, Joe Knetsch, "The Peonage Controversy and the Florida East Coast Railway,", University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, "Madoff scandal stuns Palm Beach Jewish community", "292: Colonel Joseph D. Potts Leader in the Pennsylvania on LiveAuctioneers", "The Story of Convict Leasing in Florida", "Statutes & Constitution :View Statutes: Online Sunshine", "Slavery Revisited: Peonage in the South", "How slave labor built the state of Florida decades after the Civil War", "Abstracts of Reports of the Immigration Commission, Vol II", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Flagler&oldid=1125174074, Jennie Louise (March 18, 1855 March 25, 1889), Knetsch, Joe. However, many other officials were wary of Henry Flagler. [32] More threatening to Standard's power was the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, originally used to control unions, but later central to the breakup of the Standard Oil trust. [citation needed], Flagler and Rockefeller began a publicity campaign to put the company and themselves in a better light. Flagler and Dan Harkness remained friends and business associates and, in 1852, they opened a distillery. Mary Lily outlived her first husband, Henry Flagler and inherited his huge fortune, married again three years later, and died under suspicious circumstances at aged fifty. Henry Morrison Flagler (January 2, 1830 - May 20, 1913) was a United States tycoon, real estate promoter, railroad developer and Rockefeller partner in Standard Oil. He returned to St. Augustine in 1885 and made Smith an offer. Hotel Ponce de Leon: The Architecture & Decoration. She married Melbert Cary in 1923, and they lived in New York City and Millbrook, NY. Ida Alice Shourds became Ida Alice Shourds Flagler in June of 1883 and moved into the Flagler family home the day after their wedding. Ida. Mendez, Jesus. Who was Henry Flagler? The railroads were fighting fiercely for traffic and, in an attempt to create a cartel to control freight rates, formed the South Improvement Company in collusion with Standard and other oil men outside the main oil centers. Tail tucked in shame, the destitute Flagler family moved back to Ohio in January of 1866. [16] The railroad, seeing Standard's incursion into the transportation and pipeline fields, struck back and formed a subsidiary to buy and build oil refineries and pipelines. Mary Harkness Flagler was the sweet, unpretentious first wife of Henry. Then, just a few months before the end of the Ponce de Leon Hotel's second season, Jennie Louise Flagler Benedict died from complications of childbirth. In 1885, Standard Oil moved its corporate headquarters to New York City to the iconic 26 Broadway location. Flagler controlled a vast fortune, which he earned by buying out small oil refineries and creating a monopoly with Standard Oil. Henry Morrison Flagler (1830-1913) built this church to the glory of God as a memorial to his daughter, Jennie Louise Flagler Benedict, who passed away as a result of childbirth in 1889. What happened to Henry Flagler's daughter? But in the aftermath of that battle, in 1879 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania indicted Flagler and Rockefeller on charges of monopolizing the oil trade, starting an avalanche of similar court proceedings in other states and making a national issue of Standard Oil's business practices. Flagler was eighteen years older than his 35-year-old bride. Indeed, there was a legal loophole provided to affluent Americans they were allowed to pay $300 to the government and hire a substitute to serve in their place. Today, when you ask someone if they know about Henry Flagler, they are likely to answer with a shake of their head and a shrug. One of Flagler's other St. Augustine Hotels, the Casa Monica, was originally built by Franklin W. Smith, who built the Villa Zorayda. The Standard Guide to St. Augustine. The year was 1885, the month was April and things were just getting started. Unfortunately, the Key West Extension is viewed as a business failure having "never earned the expected revenue before the Labor Day hurricane of 1935 destroyed it" (Akin 223). The current sanctuary building that is seen today was built in the late 1880s and early 1890s by gracious donations from Henry Morrison Flagler. The Zorayda's poured coquina and concrete structure, Spanish architecture, and lavish interior inspired Flagler, who actually tried to buy the building, but was denied. Henry explained: "We worked night and day, making good oil as cheaply as possible and selling it for all we could get. In the early 1880s, Flagler and Rockefeller created one of their most important innovations. Because Henry Flagler had not yet claimed Florida as his own, Savannah, Georgia was considered to be the last bastion of civilization on the East Coast. He even owned newspapers in Florida. The judge instructed the jury to find them not guilty because the "prosecution had failed to prove 'an agreement of minds with evil intent to conspire'. Rockefeller. By the start of the Civil War in 1861, Rockefeller was brokering most of the Harkness grain. The grand marble building was named by the final Mrs. Flagler herself: "Whitehall." Through this business, Flagler became acquainted with John D. Rockefeller, who worked as a commission agent with Hewitt and Tuttle for the Harkness Grain Company. By then the trust still had a 70% market share of the refined oil market but only 14% of the U.S. crude oil supply. Generally, we are not often able to share specifics about the man himself. I do not believe any one else would develop it if I do not, but I do hope to live long enough to prove I am a good business man by getting a dividend on my investment. On the condition that Anderson get the city's streets paved, Henry Flagler agreed to buy a portion of that land. In 1901, U.S. Steel, now controlled by J. Pierpont Morgan, having bought Andrew Carnegie's steel assets, offered to buy Standard's iron interests as well. Her eldest daughter, Jennie Louise, was twenty- six. Not to mention a talented young woman named Mary Lily. Jul 1, 2020 - Explore Patricia Cipolla's board "Henry Flagler" on Pinterest. Gainesville, FL. [14] Standard was growing horizontally and vertically. (2022) "Historical Person Profile: Henry Flagler." After finishing the eighth grade at fourteen, Henry followed his half-brother Dan to Ohio. Over 30 years, Flagler had invested about $50 million in railroad, home and hotel construction and had made donations to suffering farmers after the freeze in 1894. First, Dr. Anderson worked through the bureaucracy to get Flagler approval to fill in the marshland that was west of the original town plan. Besides its two refineries and a barrel plant in Cleveland, it possessed a fleet of tank cars and warehouses in the oil regions as well as warehouses and tanks in New York. Reynolds, Charles B. However, Smith had fallen on some hard times and sold the hotel to Henry Flagler not long after it opened in 1888. Henry Morrison Flagler was born on January 2, 1830 in Hopewell, New York, to Reverend and Mrs. Isaac Flagler. Dr. George G. Shelton, a graduate of New York's Homeopathic Medical College, was assisted by three nurses when Henry Flagler's daughter Jennie Louise Benedict died in 1889 following post-partum complications while journeying to visit her father on board the yacht Oneida headed to St. Augustine. Alternately called cruel, philanthropic, pitiless and visionary in his lifetime, Henry Morrison Flagler (1830-1913) was a complicated man. [62], Flagler was entombed in the Flagler family mausoleum at Memorial Presbyterian Church in St. Augustine alongside his first wife, Mary Harkness; daughter, Jenny Louise; and granddaughter, Marjorie. Henry Flagler: The Astonishing Life and Times of the Visionary Robber Baron Who Founded Florida. The mausoleum adjacent to the church is where Flagler, his daughter, granddaughter and first wife are buried. Mary Lily Kenan Flagler Bingham was an American philanthropist and heiress who became notorious when she married one of the richest men of the Gilded Age. Henry M. Flagler's Florida East Coast Railway, Boynton station Nathan Boynton's winter home - later the Hotel Boynton While Murray and other laborers constructed the two-story wooden structure, the Murray family lived in a canvas tent on the west side of the canal (known today at the inland or Intracoastal Waterway). "[59], In March 1913, Flagler fell down a flight of marble stairs at Whitehall. The railroad was financially unable to rebuild the destroyed sections, so the roadbed and remaining bridges were sold to the State of Florida, which built the Overseas Highway to Key West, using much of the remaining railway infrastructure. Perhaps because of the economic success that Flagler's industries had delivered to the state or perhaps because of direct funding being delivered to individual senators, Flagler was able to convince the legislature to pass a little bill for him in April of 1901. Both of Henry's parents had been married previously. "[55], Flagler allegedly used convicts leased from Florida prison camps, the majority of them African-American, to clear land for the Royal Palm Hotel in Miami and to build the Florida East Coast Railway from West Palm Beach to Miami and the rail extension to Key West. 1. Dan married Lamon's eldest daughter, Isabella, in 1849 (yes, they were first cousins). Having had no prior experience in the salt industry, the Flagler & York company flopped and Henry lost around $100,000 ($100K in 1865 is nearly $2 million in 2022). Keys, L. (2015) Hotel Ponce de Leon: The Rise, Fall, and Rebirth of Flagler's Gilded Age Palace. You see, during the Gilded Age [and for far too long after it], women could be sent to a mental institution for just about anything. In 1869, Henry Flagler began buying out small oil refineries on behalf of John D. Rockefeller, who had it in his mind to monopolize the oil industry in Ohio. [33], Upon his ascent to the presidency, Theodore Roosevelt initiated dozens of suits under the Sherman Antitrust Act and coaxed reforms out of Congress. And even Thomas Edison had his hand in this project, having been responsible for wiring the entirety of the Hotel Ponce de Leon with electricity. July, 1975. pg. Middle child Carrie died just before Christmas in the same year that Henry's mother died (1861). Henry Morrison Flagler was born on January 2, 1830. Mary Harkness had been frail since childhood and her father often sent to a boarding school Savannah, Georgia as a means of sparing her from harsh northern winters. Rogers, in particular, became one of Flagler and Rockefeller's key men in the formation of the Standard Oil Trust. Mary's health was poor throughout her life, although she and Henry had three children: Jenny Louise, Carrie, and Harry Harkness. This was the case for many wealthy men during the Civil War, including Henry's future business partner, John D. Rockefeller. He found that salt mining required more technical knowledge than he had and struggled in the industry during the Civil War. Standiford, Les. An immense engineering effort was required to cut through the wilderness and marsh from St. Augustine to Palm Beach. Sets with similar terms swee1122 [44], Although Flagler remained on the board of directors of Standard Oil, he gave up his day-to-day involvement in the corporation to pursue his interests in Florida. However, Henry Flagler did not join his half-brother. "Our Own Riviera," Harper's New Monthly Magazine. Henry Flagler's first visit to Florida was in the winter of 1878-9. Last Train to Paradise: Henry Flagler and the Spectacular Rise and Fall of the Railroad that Crossed an Ocean (Paperback) by. . However, much to Flagler's chagrin, he had no legal grounds to be granted a divorce from Alice in New York or Florida. What kind of a man was Henry Flagler and why do you think this? The case can be made that Flagler was the intellectual genius who devised both the overall concepts and the details of the company policies and programs that turned Standard Oil into the most feared, powerful, and profitable company of the 19th and early . To learn more about the history of those buildings, visit the Alcazar Hotel Historical Place profile or the Casa Monica Hotel Historical Place profile on our website. As elated as the couple was to meet their first and only son, her condition made planning for Harry's future feel disturbingly somber. Congress concluded that newspapers in Florida and across the South spread the deceitful news against Flagler. He married his second wife, Miss Ida Shrouds, the daughter of a Philadelphia minister, in 1883. 3 episodes. However, a great cloud of bad luck was soon to fall over the Flagler family. [41] Standard Oil's combined assets equalled approximately $42,882,650 (equivalent to $1.29billion in 2021[6]) in Indiana, Kentucky, New Jersey, New York and Ohio. It soon was doing one tenth of all the petroleum business in the United States. He is also known as a founder of the cities of Miami and Palm Beach, Florida. 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